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小美跟阿土伯承租一間套房,價錢優惠,住了半年,遇到超強颱風,把套房的熱水器吹壞了,而且廁所牆壁竟然會滲水,每天洗冷水的小美實在受不了,該怎麼辦?

 

※相關法條

民法

423條(租賃物之交付及保持義務)
  出租人應以合於所約定使用、收益之租賃物,交付承租人,並應於租賃關係存續中保持其合於約定使用、收益之狀態。

429條(出租人之修繕義務)

1.租賃物之修繕,除契約另有訂定或另有習慣外,由出租人負擔。 
2.
出租人為保存租賃物所為之必要行為,承租人不得拒絕。 

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Tanzania is divided in two part, the mainland Tanganyika and the island Zanzibar, both have their own IP law. This article concerns Tanganyika trademark law.

Tanzania is divided in two part, the mainland Tanganyika and the island Zanzibar, both have their own IP law. This article concerns Zanzibar trademark law.

 

Introduction:

Language: Swahili

Capital: Dodoma

Area: 947,303 km2

Population: 51,820,000 (2014)

Currency: Tanzanian shilling (TZS)

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Tanzania is divided in two part, the mainland Tanganyika and the island Zanzibar, both have their own IP law. This article concerns Tanganyika trademark law.

 

 

Introduction:

Language: Swahili

Capital: Dodoma

Area: 947,303 km2

Population: 51,820,000 (2014)

Currency: Tanzanian shilling (TZS)

Religion: Christian (61%), Islam (35%)

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Introduction:

Language: Swazi, English

Capital: Lobamba ( royal/legislative), Mbabane ( administrative)

Area: 17,364 km2

Population: 1,119,000 (2015)

Currency: South African rand, Swazi lilangeni (SZL)

Religion: Christian (83%)

Geographical situation: is a sovereign state in Southern Africa. It is neighboured by Mozambique to its northeast and by South Africa to its north, west and south; it is a landlocked country.

 

International treaty membership:

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Introduction:

Language: English

Capital: Monrovia

Area: 111,369 km2

Population: 4,503,000 (2015)

Currency: Liberian dollar (LRD)

Religion: Christian (85%), Muslim (12.5%)

Geographical situation: is a country on the West African coast. It is bordered by Sierra Leone to its west, Guinea to its north and Ivory Coast to its east.

 

International treaty membership:

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Introduction:

Language: English

Capital: Windhoek

Area: 825,615 km2

Population: 2,113,077 (2011)

Currency: Namibian dollar (NAD)

Religion: Christian (90%)

Geographical situation: is a country in southern Africa whose western border is the Atlantic Ocean. It shares land borders with Zambia and Angola to the north, Botswana to the east and South Africa to the south and east.

 

International treaty membership:

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Introduction:

Language: English

Capital: Lilongwe

Area: 118,484 km2

Population: 16,407,000 (2013)

Currency: Kwacha (MWK)

Religion: Christian (68%), Muslim (25%)

Geographical situation: in southeast Africa, it is bordered by Zambia to the northwest, Tanzania to the northeast, and Mozambique on the east, south and west.

 

International treaty membership:

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Introduction:

Language: Sotho, English.      

Capital: Maseru

Area: 30,355 km2

Population: 2,067,000 (2009)

Currency: Lesotho loti (LSL)

Religion: Christian (90%)

Geographical situation: is an enclaved, landlocked country in southern Africa completely surrounded by South Africa.

 

 

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Introduction:

Language: English

Capital: Gaborone

Area: 581,730 km2

Population: 2,155,784 (2014)

Currency: Pula (BWP)

Religion: Protestant (66%)

Geographical situation: is a landlocked country located in Southern Africa.

 

International treaty membership:

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Introduction:

OAPI is the main organization that ensures the protection of intellectual property rights in most African French speaking countries. Its member states are:

Benin, Cameroon, Burkina Faso, Central African Republic, Chad, Congo, Ivory Coast, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Guinea, Guinea Bissau, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Senegal, Togo.

These countries are treated as one state in trademark law. Apart from that there is no national trademark law in the member states. Therefore it is not possible to obtain national registrations in these countries.

 

International treaty membership:

Singapore Treaty on the Law of Trademarks (February 13, 2016)

Protocol Relating to the Madrid Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Marks (March 5, 2015)

 

Legislation:        

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